Recent Changes

{00002980.jpg}
1868-1898
of racism. However, the attitudes of some white residentsBecause his parents split up when he was very young, financially things were very tough within his household. Being raised by a single mother, Dubois used to work in a factory trying to make ends meat for his family. Despite all his struggles Dubois received an education. Within his high school he was first in his class becoming the area would forever change Du Bois’s mentality.first black to graduate from his school. Not only did he graduate but he was valedictorian. Thanks to aunts, uncle,uncles and close friends,friends Du Bois had the privilegeopportunity to receive a college education at Fisk College in Nashville Tennessee. Here is where some of receiving an education. Socially within the blackattitudes of the white residents in his new community hewould forever change his mentality. This racism within the south was considered very well off for a black child. Withinnot what Du Bois had been used to. Regardless of his studiescolor, back home he was an A+ student. At a young age he found a passion for encouraginghad earned his respect with the whites. He began his mission to study the treatment of blacks within communities. He encouraged the black educate themselves. The more he learned, the more he wanted to help the blacks get the same opportunities as he did. He sought his family. After graduating he had big dreams of attending Harvard University. Unfortunately his funding held him back and he went out to Fisk College in Nashville,Tennessee. While attending college he found a drive to understand the race of his people. The more he learned, the more he wanted to help the black race and give them the same opportunities he had received. Although Du his education.
He
He was born them. Therefore,
his his social location the world.
AfterAfter Du Bois Bois," 1998).
DuDu Bois overcame
Du Bois, becoming a leader
their race.
Harvard Harvard allowed Du in poverty.
Studying Abroad
Du Bois eventually, found his place in Europe. He was not his shy reserved self, like at Harvard, he opened up. He crossed race and sex boundaries when he spoke with Dutch women. A few years prior, at Harvard, the white women did not approach him, but in Germany they often struck up conversation with him. Du Bois, like many African Americans, only spoke when spoken to and one incident at Harvard when a white woman refused to take a card from Du Bois made him feel as though all white women and whites in general, were wary of him. Ironically, He fell in love with Dora, a white woman from Germany, but he refused to marry her. He wanted to glorify the African American race; he did not feel he could do that with a white wife or even a “light-skinned “wife. At the moment, Du Bois set boundaries for himself as far as marriage and relationships. He did not want the African American people to think that he was a hypocrite and he wanted to represent them. He stayed in Europe until about 1894. After he left Europe, he felt the need to enlighten African Americans. The best way to do is this was to be a professor at Harvard. Even though, he had proven his credibility when he attended school at Harvard, they still did not accept him. He looked elsewhere and got the recognition from Wilberforce, which later became “America’s First College owned and Operated by African Americans”(Wolters 2003). Wilberforce constantly challenged Du Bois’s religion. They did this mainly, to prove that he was unreligious. Du Bois served as an influence to many undergraduate students at other universities. Students at Cornell would hold book clubs to discuss his books; they would often compare his works, such as “The Souls of Black Folk”, to religious texts.
prominent about.
DuDu Bois felt religious ties.
He finally got approval when he quoted the Bible in one of his speeches, the irony is that some believe he is one of the "most profound religious thinkers”, partly because he was thinking ahead of his time. (Blum, 2007) Du Bois “used religious idioms to wrestle the control of black selfhood away from whites” (Blum, 2007).
Even though, Wilberforce questioned his religious affiliations it still allowed him to cross boundaries. By age twenty-six, he was making close to $1000 a year in Ohio as a professor so whites would view him not as a “lower-class black” (Wolters, 2003). By 1897, he felt he was becoming too middle class even though, he represented the top ten percent of African Americans. He was placed among the "Talented Tenth", which represents the African Americans in demanding professions such as law, medicine, business, and education. He did not want to be too middle class because he wanted to show that he was similar to the other 90% of African Americans even though, he truly was on a level reserved for the educated and enlightened. For the next thirteen years Du Bois taught at Atlanta University
The NAACP
In 1905, The Niagara Movement encouraged all men to join the “ protest against racial insult, against the denial of civil rights and against discrimination” (Wolters, 2003).
Niagara Movement
WhileWhile at the his promises.
ManyMany African Americans
Crimes against African Americans
Du Bois used the NAACP to put a stop to the harsh treatment of African Americans. Most specifically he brought a petition against the 1915 film The Birth of A Nation. He felt the film brainwashed white America into believing that what was happening at the time with lynching and crimes against African Americans was okay. He brought many issues at Harvard to light, as well. He felt that white America was pushing for "Americanization" that all Americans were equal but in reality they still did boundary work to keep African Americans from advancing and most importantly freedom. Americanization was a recurring topic in New York in the turn of the century. Whether it be the role of women in the home or how much their values change while living in white America”, like the women described Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars (Ewen, 1985). They came to America to live a "better life" and made them “managers and employers of labor" (Lewis, 2000).
cross boundaries.
Du Du Bois fought (Lewis, 2000).
Social Theory
Du Bois placed comparisons on the laborers of Marxism and African Americans.
their time.
Marx Marx discusses the
But the whites saw a problem with blurring boundary lines “Most people for instance, looked upon private ownership of land as a natural and God-given thing” (Du Bois, 2004)
African Americans
TheThe whites felt and revolt.
Du Du Bois proposed be equal.
Du Bois had setup many Pan African conferences, with the first one being in 1919 in France. At the conferences he expressed his ideas of self government for blacks under colonial powers. This means Du Bois stretched his ideas of the independence of African Americans, rather than being ruled by the government. His conference in 1919 failed due to lack of enthusiasm from supporters, so he decided to set up a few other Pan African conferences in 1921 and 1923. Du Bois was known for never quitting at what he set out to accomplish and even if he had to set up more conferences, he would. Many of his ideas and differences led him to debate Marcus Garvey, who was a Nationalist leader that wanted to construct WHAT? through economic enterprise and mass education an empire of African descent. Du Bois did not agree with many of Garvey's policies so Du Bois wanted to expose the corruption and mismanagement of Garvey's famous Black Star Shipping Line. Eventually, Garvey got arrested due to his actions and Du Bois was able to restore his viewpoint. It was throughout World War I, Du Bois fought for the rights of African American soldiers. He made a statement that African Americans deserve to be in the Army and that it is constitutionally offensive to mistreat the African American troops. (Reuben 2009). W.E.B Du Bois supported desegregation during world war I, but after the war he started to see it as an opportunity for blacks to take power, in areas such as economics and education witch was controlled by the whites in the larger society at the time. He had expressed this view in the Crisis. His view conflicted directly with the NAACP board and many black leaders, who agreed with Taylor Branch who noted in Parting the Waters, that his comments, "Would bolster the old white racist argument that Negroes fared better under segregation." (Contemporary Black Biography). This dispute and heavy criticism caused Du Bois to resign from the Crisis and went back to being the chairman of the department of sociology at Atlanta University. At Atlanta University he became editor of his new magazine called Phylon. However, he was kicked off the magazine because his views were too extreme (Georgia Libraries 2009). In 1940, he completed his book Dusk of Dawn, which emphasized the long, rough process to achieve liberty (Wangia 2008). Du Bois never lost sight of the big picture he had for the same rights among African American's and whites, even if that meant leaving his own organization due to mixed views among the board.
Period 1941- 1963

{00002980.jpg}
1868-1898
of racism. EXPLAIN A BIT ABOUT THE BLACK COMMUNITY AND ALSO HOW YOU KNOW HE WAS POOR However, the Bois’s mentality. <-- YOU SAY THIS BUT DON'T SUBSTANTIATE Thanks to an education. HOW SO? EXPLAIN. Socially within educate themselves. WHY? YOU MUST SUBSTANTIATE YOUR CLAIMS...HeHe sought out of his people UNDERSTAND "RACE" OR UNDERSTAND WHY BLACKS WERE PUSHED TO THE SOCIAL MARGINS? THOSE ARE DIFFERENT.people. The more had received. WAS HE ABOUT HELPING BLACKS OUT OR FIGHTING THE RACISM THAT CAUSED THEIR SOCIAL LOCATION? Although Du his education. SO TALK ABOUT THIS IN TERMS OF SLs. YOU WERE ASKED TO LINK SLs AND THIS IS A PERFECT CASE OF HOW DIFFERENT SLs AFFECT EACH OTHER YET YOU DO NOT SEE THE OPPORTUNITY TO DO THIS.
NONE OF THIS BACKGROUND INFORMATION CITES THE SOURCES -- THAT'S NOT OK. YOU NEED TO SHOW WHERE YOU GOT ALL THIS INFORMATION
He was born in a time where blacks were discriminated against and had troubles living a normal life, unlike the whites who had tremendous advantages over them. Therefore,
his social location was to be put outside of the peripheral from all the white people from his community. Being surrounded by mostly whites in Massachusetts, Du Bois quickly learned that he was looked at different simply for being black. This made him want to change the world and help remove the racial barriers between them. Du Bois’ father was of Dutch and African descent and decided to desert the family when he was about two years old. He left the family due to Du Bois' mother's family, who didn't like his father's light skin. Without a father in his life, Du Bois had to overcome that, take care of his mother, and be the man of the house. Since his father was no longer around and his mother was unable to work due to a stroke, Du Bois had to help out his mother financially. In order to maintain food on the table, Du Bois worked any job that he could after school. Some of these jobs were cutting lawns and selling various items like tea and newspapers. He also wrote for a few newspaper companies including the Springfield Republican and the New York Age. He did all of this to socially locate himself in a better position than what he was in now, he wanted to prove to the white community that yes, although he was black, he could work hard for his money. All he wanted was respect and a higher place from the peripheral that he was already in. This is very surprising considering he was an under advantaged black teenager who was quite poor. Du Bois took advantage of writing in the newspaper, and wrote about how blacks need to start politicizing themselves in society. In these days, most blacks had troubles living on their own but Du Bois managed to overcome these times and provide for both him and his mother as a teenager. On top of working to keep food on the table for his family, Du Bois also knew he had to get a good education so that he could do something with his life.
The whites felt with an education they would acquire knowledge and revolt.
Du Bois proposed that education and health care should be free. “Illiteracy is a crime “(Lewis, 2000). Du Bois did not feel the need to blur boundary lines either. He often insisted that African Americans and American as two separate entities and he "keeps it from being torn asunder” (Lewis, 2000). The two entities battle each other and Du Bois just wants them to be equal.
Period 1920-1940 WHAT WENT ON BETWEEN 1909 WHEN NAACP ESTABLISHED AND 1920? THAT'S A MAJOR GAP IN HIS BIOGRAPHY
Du Bois had setup many Pan African conferences, with the first one being in 1919 in France. At the conferences he expressed his ideas of self government for blacks under colonial powers. This means Du Bois stretched his ideas of the independence of African Americans, rather than being ruled by the government. His conference in 1919 failed due to lack of enthusiasm from supporters, so he decided to set up a few other Pan African conferences in 1921 and 1923. Du Bois was known for never quitting at what he set out to accomplish and even if he had to set up more conferences, he would. Many of his ideas and differences led him to debate Marcus Garvey, who was a Nationalist leader that wanted to construct WHAT? through economic enterprise and mass education an empire of African descent. Du Bois did not agree with many of Garvey's policies so Du Bois wanted to expose the corruption and mismanagement of Garvey's famous Black Star Shipping Line. Eventually, Garvey got arrested due to his actions and Du Bois was able to restore his viewpoint. It was throughout World War I, Du Bois fought for the rights of African American soldiers. He made a statement that African Americans deserve to be in the Army and that it is constitutionally offensive to mistreat the African American troops. (Reuben 2009). W.E.B Du Bois supported desegregation during world war I, but after the war he started to see it as an opportunity for blacks to take power, in areas such as economics and education witch was controlled by the whites in the larger society at the time. He had expressed this view in the Crisis. His view conflicted directly with the NAACP board and many black leaders, who agreed with Taylor Branch who noted in Parting the Waters, that his comments, "Would bolster the old white racist argument that Negroes fared better under segregation." (Contemporary Black Biography). This dispute and heavy criticism caused Du Bois to resign from the Crisis and went back to being the chairman of the department of sociology at Atlanta University. At Atlanta University he became editor of his new magazine called Phylon. However, he was kicked off the magazine because his views were too extreme (Georgia Libraries 2009). In 1940, he completed his book Dusk of Dawn, which emphasized the long, rough process to achieve liberty (Wangia 2008). Du Bois never lost sight of the big picture he had for the same rights among African American's and whites, even if that meant leaving his own organization due to mixed views among the board.
AGAIN -->
Period 1941- 1963
THIS PERIOD IS BEYOND THE SCOPE OF THE WIKI PROJECT SO IT IS BEST LEFT OUT OR GIVEN BRIEF SUMMARY (LATER LIFE) AND THEN YOU SHOULD FOCUS ON HIS SLs AND HOW THEY SHIFT OVER THE COURSE OF HIS LIFE.
In 1944, the NAACP rehired him as director to manage special research. In 1945 he published Color and Democracy: Colonies and Peace, which lead in polemic, and in 1946 he wrote a controversial pamphlet, "An Appeal to the World”, which was submitted on behalf of African American people to the United Nations Commissions on Civil Rights. A year later he published “The World and Africa”, an examination of the situation in Africa after World War II. By this time, he became one of the biggest proponents of Pan-Africanism, being the driving force of the Pan African Congress which led to African independence, receiving many honors such as the Lenin Peace Prize in 1958 (Rampersad).The actions of W.E.B. Du Bois caused him to be seen as a hero by the African American people, but white people despised him. He helped
many African Americans people achieve more civil rights.
Atlanta University. AGAIN FACTS BUT LITTLE IN THE WAY OF ANALYSIS
Undermined by the new school administration, Du Bois retired from the faculty of Atlanta University in 1943.
OK -- NOTHING ON IDEOLOGIES REALLY SO WORK ON THAT OR YOU'LL SACRIFICE THOSE POINTS..
OVERALL:
LOTS OF GOOD INFORMATION BUT DESPITE ASKING YOU ALL SEMESTER TO RECOGNIZE THAT INFORMATION IS NOT ANALYSIS, YOU STILL ARE STICKING TO INFORMATION. PEOPLE USE INFORMATION TO MAKE THEIR POINTS. WHAT'S THE OVERALL "STORY LINE" OF DUBOIS' LIFE? WAS HE A BOUNDARY ENFORCER OR A BOUNDARY CROSSER? WHAT INFO DO YOU HAVE TO SUBSTANTIATE YOUR CHOICE AND WHAT IN HIS BACKGROUND HELPS YOU UNDERSTAND WHY HE DID WHAT HE DID (YOU HAVE SOME OF THIS BUT DON'T EMPHASIZE IT).
THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS MISSING AND IN-TEXT CITATIONS ARE INADEQUATE. LITTLE VISUAL INFO TOO.
I'D SAY THIS WIKI RIGHT NOW IS A C+/B- SO HOPE THAT YOU CAN PUT SOME EFFORT INTO IT AND PULL IT UP. REMEMBER IT'S 20% OF YOUR FINAL GRADE FOR THE COURSE.
Listen
Read phonetically

http://classracegender.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/the-crisis.jpg
{4479567284_7bf0d13068.jpg}
of 1949. Together these two would set out to work for peace.
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4009/4479567284_7bf0d13068.jpg
{MS0312-0444.jpg}

http://www.baystatebanner.com/files/natl19-2009-02-19/natl19a.jpg
{Aframer1$dubois-at-church.jpg}
racial issues. It was at these meetings that the NAACP stressed to improve the status of minorities on a social, political, economical, and educational level.
http://foundsf.org/images/d/da/Aframer1$dubois-at-church.jpg
{escu_0001_0002_0_img0066.jpg}

http://www.library.umass.edu/spcoll/images/findingaids/mums312/MS0312-0444.jpg
{natl19a.jpg}
of Atlanta. This picture was taken in 1909. It was in this office that Du Bois would work on his books such as, The Negroes in the Making of America, and The Gift of Black Folk published in 1924.
http://www.baystatebanner.com/files/natl19-2009-02-19/natl19a.jpg
{Aframer1$dubois-at-church.jpg}

{web-dubois.jpg}
amongst African Americans.Americans (Tamblyn).
Source Citation: Tamblyn, George. "DuBois William Edward Burghardt." BlackPast.Org. University of Washington, 2009. Web. 5 Dec 2010. <http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/dubois-william-edward-burghardt-1868-1963>.
http://danassays.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/web-dubois.jpg
{DuBois.jpg}
http://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/03/25/amd_queens8.jpg
{the-crisis.jpg}
working towards. The Crisis, was originally named after a poem, The Perfect Crisis, written by James Lowell (Johnson). The start up of this magazine had over hundreds of thousands of readers within the first couple of years it was published, indicating how well Du Bois managed to get preach his word.
Source Citation:
Johnson, Nickia. "In History: The Crisis Magazine." emPower Magazine. Liu Karama Productions, 10 Sep 2008. Web. 5 Dec 2010. <http://www.empowernewsmag.com/listings.php?article=160>.
http://classracegender.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/the-crisis.jpg
{4479567284_7bf0d13068.jpg}

W.E.B Du Bois was born into a poor black family in Great Barrington, Massachusetts in the year 1868. He grew up in a very small black community where he was for the most part sheltered from the full effects of racism. EXPLAIN A BIT ABOUT THE BLACK COMMUNITY AND ALSO HOW YOU KNOW HE WAS POOR However, the attitudes of some white residents in the area would forever change Du Bois’s mentality. <-- YOU SAY THIS BUT DON'T SUBSTANTIATE Thanks to aunts, uncle, and close friends, Du Bois had the privilege of receiving an education. HOW SO? EXPLAIN. Socially within the black community he was considered very well off for a black child. Within his studies he was an A+ student. At a young age he found a passion for encouraging the black race to educate themselves. WHY? YOU MUST SUBSTANTIATE YOUR CLAIMS...He sought out to teach his race how to surpass the expectations of the white people. He himself surpassed all his expectations by being the first to graduate high school within his family. After graduating he had big dreams of attending Harvard University. Unfortunately his funding held him back and he went out to Fisk College in Nashville,Tennessee. While attending college he found a drive to understand the race of his people UNDERSTAND "RACE" OR UNDERSTAND WHY BLACKS WERE PUSHED TO THE SOCIAL MARGINS? THOSE ARE DIFFERENT. The more he learned, the more he wanted to help the black race and give them the same opportunities he had received. WAS HE ABOUT HELPING BLACKS OUT OR FIGHTING THE RACISM THAT CAUSED THEIR SOCIAL LOCATION? Although Du Bois was classified as a “black boy” in his small town in Massachusetts, at the end of the day he had gained some respect from the white community because of his education. SO TALK ABOUT THIS IN TERMS OF SLs. YOU WERE ASKED TO LINK SLs AND THIS IS A PERFECT CASE OF HOW DIFFERENT SLs AFFECT EACH OTHER YET YOU DO NOT SEE THE OPPORTUNITY TO DO THIS.
NONE OF THIS BACKGROUND INFORMATION CITES THE SOURCES -- THAT'S NOT OK. YOU NEED TO SHOW WHERE YOU GOT ALL THIS INFORMATION
NONE OF THE BACKGROUND IS TIED TO THE SOCIAL LOCATIONS FRAMEWORK EITHER -- THAT'S WHAT YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO WHY DON'T YOU DO IT?
HeHe was born over them. Therefore,
his social location was to be put outside of the peripheral from all the white people from his community. Being surrounded his father's likelight skin. Without mother financially. In order to maintain food on the table, Du Bois basically worked any York Age. He did all of this to socially locate himself in a better position than what he was in now, he wanted to prove to the white community that yes, although he was black, he could work hard for his money. All he wanted was respect and a higher place from the peripheral that he was already in. This is his life. Du
Du Bois went due to theretheir high tuition was an all blackall-black school, which attended an all whiteall-white class. While attending this school, his social location had changed from being an “outsider” to finally “fitting in” in a place that made him feel comfortable. This experience the south noror a place of the south’sSouth’s racial violence against blacks. ThisThe realization of how badhorrid life was in the south for blacks had it down south made him the school’s newspaper.newspaper; Fisk Herald. He turned the world. After
After Du Bois a doctorate. Which was a very big deal at this time because he was the first African American to receive a Ph.D. “[Du Bois] Bois," 1998). So, Du
Du Bois overcame same direction. In addition to his success at Harvard, he was the first black to receive a PhD from the University. Since Du first to do this,receive a doctorate, he opened he did. Therefore, his social location from the rest of the black community was considered to be heroic. They all wanted to follow in his footsteps. They thought, if one of our kind can do it, so can I. In 1897,
Du Bois, becoming a leader
He felt very passionate about his race in a time when racial discrimination was everywhere. He was constantly trying to banish race boundaries. His race and class held him back tremendously. The whites at Harvard did not see past the fact that Du Bois was a “negro”. They banned African American men from dorms at Harvard. The African American parents, who were also former graduates, took it to the Dean, he agreed that they deserve the same education, but should not have to be put in the same social situations i.e. living together. The Dean of Harvard respected them as alumni of Harvard but not enough to look past their race.
His Rivals
Unlike many of the other black leaders Du Bois sought to unite the African Americans and uplift them. Other prominent African American leaders, such as Booker T. Washington and Marcus Garvey, wanted to put the blame on African Americans for being inferior to whites. They also wanted to live up to white ideals; Garvey said that he constantly battled with being a “black-white” (Wolters 2003) because was seeking their approval. Du Bois on the other hand wanted to uplift the African Americans and prove that it was the whites who were pushing them away from equality. Du Bois felt threatened by Washington’s political background and his “relationship” with President Roosevelt, whom Du Bois felt was not helping the African Americans.
The NAACP
In 1905, The Niagara Movement encouraged all men to join the “ protest against racial insult, against the denial of civil rights and against discrimination” (Wolters, 2003).
In 1909, Du Bois along with other African Americans established the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Du Bois founded the NAACP in order to continue his work at reliving racial tensions and converse with like-minded individuals who felt the same way. NAACP sought leadership in Du Bois because of his work in the Niagara Movement. What separated the Niagara Movement from the NAACP was the amount of funding and supporters it had. The NAACP was built off the principles of The Niagara Movement

http://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/03/25/amd_queens8.jpg
{the-crisis.jpg}
The Crisis of March 1911. This is one of many covers released by The Crisis and each one symbolized a different topic that the NAACP was working towards.
http://classracegender.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/the-crisis.jpg
{4479567284_7bf0d13068.jpg}
Conference of 19491949.
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4009/4479567284_7bf0d13068.jpg
{MS0312-0444.jpg}
the Junior NAACPNAACP.
http://www.library.umass.edu/spcoll/images/findingaids/mums312/MS0312-0444.jpg
{natl19a.jpg}
University of AtlantaAtlanta.
http://www.baystatebanner.com/files/natl19-2009-02-19/natl19a.jpg
{Aframer1$dubois-at-church.jpg}
of racial issuesissues.
http://foundsf.org/images/d/da/Aframer1$dubois-at-church.jpg
{escu_0001_0002_0_img0066.jpg}

http://danassays.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/web-dubois.jpg
{DuBois.jpg}
college days. This was his student picture from when he attended college at Harvard University from 1889 - 1890.
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG03/souls/images/DuBois.jpg
{amd_queens8.jpg}
Bois' house in Queens, New York. Photo was taken in the 1940's by David Du Bois. The woman who owns the house today, Helen Baldwin, has made only few changes to the house such as repairs.
http://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/03/25/amd_queens8.jpg
{the-crisis.jpg}